8.1 How do psychologists define motivation, and what are the key elements of the early instinct and drive-reduction approaches to motivation?
8.2 What are the characteristics of the three types of needs?
8.3 What are the key elements of the arousal and incentive approaches to motivation?
8.4 How do Maslow's humanistic approach and self-determination theory explain motivation?
8.5 What happens in the body to cause hunger, and how do social factors influence a person's experience of hunger?
8.6 What are some problems in eating behavior, and how are they affected by biology and culture?
8.7 What are the three elements of emotion?
8.8 How do the James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories of emotion differ?
8.9 What are the key elements in cognitive arousal theory, the facial feedback hypothesis, and the cognitive-meditational theory of emotion?
8.10 What is the positive psychological movement?
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