General College Biology I, Chapter 8, Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes
Vocabulary: metabolism, metabolic pathway, catabolic pathway, anabolic pathway, chemical energy, potential energy, kinetic energy, heat, thermodynamics, entropy, endergonic, exergonic, activation energy, phosphorylation, enzyme, catalyst, substrate, active site, allosteric site, cofactor, coenzyme, competitive inhibitor, noncompetitive inhibitor, allosteric regulation, feedback inhibition
Objectives: After attending lectures and studying the chapter, the student should be able to:
1. Define metabolism.
2. Describe a metabolic (biochemical) pathway and distinguish between anabolic pathways
and catabolic pathways.
3. Explain the role of energy and enzymes in the chemical reactions in the cells of living
things.
4. Define energy.
5. List and describe 5 forms of energy.
6. State the 1st and 2nd Laws of Thermodynamics and relate each to living systems.
7. Distinguish between endergonic and exergonic chemical reactions.
8. Describe the activation energy of a chemical reaction.
9. Describe ATP and its role as a source of chemical energy in cells.
10. Write the general chemical reactions for making ATP and using ATP.
11. State the function of enzymes.
12. Define catalyst and state why an enzyme is a catalyst.
13. Define and describe active site and relate it to the function of enzymes.
14. Relate the shape of enzymes to their function.
15. Define denaturation of proteins and explain how less than optimum temperature and pH
conditions could affect the function of enzymes
16. State the two types of cofactors (and examples of each), and describe their role in the function of some enzymes.
17. Describe the allosteric site found in some enzymes and explain how allosteric effectors (activators or inhibitors) influence the function of some enzymes.
18. Distinguish between competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors.
19. Describe feedback inhibition related to a metabolic pathway
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